海南黄花梨(紫油梨)

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【中文学名】：海南黄花梨(紫油梨)

【拉丁学名】：Dalbergia odoriferaT.Chen

【别称】：黄花梨，花梨木，降香木，香红木，降香黄檀

界：植物界

门：被子植物门             纲：双子叶植物纲

亚纲：原始花被亚纲         目：豆目

亚目：蔷薇亚目                科：蝶形花科

亚科：蝶形花亚科             族：黄檀族

属：黄檀属                    种：降香

【产地】：中国海南岛西南部

【成材时期】：二十年以上

【特点】：木性极为稳定

保护级别:易危 (IUCN 2.3)

    海南黄花梨主要生长在海南岛西南部低矮的山坡，于东方市为中心大田一带的黄花梨最佳，故名“花梨之乡”，其次乐东、昌江、白沙，海拔50米至200米之间，因其成材缓慢、木质坚实、花纹漂亮，古时有记载黄花梨木与紫檀木、鸡翅木、铁力木并称中国古代四大名木。始终位列四大名木之首，现为国家二级保护植物。

【海黄与越黄的区别】：

    海黄表面细腻，有光滑，温润如玉的手感，而越南黄花梨相比之下则比较粗糙。出现这种现象主要是因为海黄的纹理细胞组织和非常密实的材质结构。

    另外一个重要的原因是海黄的含油( 降香油)的比例。经相关检测发现，海黄木最高含油量达到27%，而越黄木则只有0.5%。

【香气】：

    海黄木本身是中药，有一种“降香”味道，香味较浓且清甜幽温雅;而越黄香味较淡，闻后略有酸味。另外，海黄散发香味的时间较长，把玩一个星期后的手链还会闻到香味，而越黄就会闻不到什么香味。

【鬼脸】：

    人们把海黄的特征归之为有“鬼脸”。事实上，所谓“鬼脸”就是树木生长过程中的结节、疙瘩。海黄由于生长期长，生长环境恶劣，而且枝节较多，树木纹理多为扭曲、交错无规律，故“鬼脸”“鬼眼”等图纹更多，更丰富。相对而言，越黄纹理大多数比较旷散，所以越黄的鬼脸图纹则单调。

【药用】：

【理气镇痛】：降香味辛，能散能行，能化瘀、理气、止痛，可用治脘腹疼痛，肝郁胁痛，胸痹刺痛及跌损瘀肿疼痛

【止血】：降香辛散温通，能化瘀行血止血，适用于瘀滞性出血证，尤其适用于跌打损伤所致的内外出血之证，为外科常用之品。如治刀伤出血，单用本品研末外敷。

【止呕】：降香辛温芳香，性主沉降，能降气辟秽、和中止呕，用于秽浊内阻、脾胃不和之呕吐腹痛。

【治疗冠心病】：降香具有改善微循环的作用，显著增加冠脉流量，减慢心率，并能降低血浆黏度，降低血脂，降低血小板聚集，抗凝血。这些作用对防治冠心病和脑梗死起着综合性的治疗效果。   

Hainan Huanghua Pear (Golden butter Pear)

【 Chinese Scientific Name 】：Hainan Huanghua Pear (Golden butter Pear)

【Latin name】：Dalbergia odoriferaT.Chen

【Nickname (s)】 : pear emperor, pear, pear, wood, wood, rosewood, rosewood

Kingdom: kingdom of plants

Phylum: Angiosperm

Class: Dicotyledon Class

Subclass: Proto-perianth

subclass: Pterygoptera

Suborder: Rosesub

family: Papilionidae

Subfamily: Butterfly Flower

Subfamily: Dalbergia family

Genus: Pterocarpus

species: Aroma

【Origin】 : Southwestern Hainan Island, China

【Growing period】 : more than 20 years

【Features】 : Wood is very stable           

Protection Level: Endangered (IUCN 2.3)   

Hainan chrysanthemum pear is mainly grown in hainan island southwest low slopes, in dongfang field for the center area of huanghua pears best, so the name "hua", second ledong, ChangJiang, white sands, between 50 meters to 200 meters above sea level, because of its beautiful timber slow, solid wood, decorative pattern, there is a record of the ancient yellow rosewood and rosewood, chicken wing wood, wood tie li said China ancient four big reasons. It has always been ranked first among the four famous trees and is now a national second-class protected plant.

【The difference between sea yellow and more yellow】 :

   Sea yellow has a delicate surface and a smooth, warm, jade - like feel, while Vietnamese pear is rougher in comparison. This phenomenon is mainly due to the texture of sea yellow cell tissue and very dense material structure.

Another important factor is the proportion of oil that sea yellow contains. Related tests found that the highest oil content of sea yellow wood reached 27 percent, while the yellow wood only 0.5 percent.

【Aroma】 :

Sea yellow wood itself is a traditional Chinese medicine, there is a "falling fragrance" flavor, the fragrance is more dense and sweet warm and elegant; The more yellow fragrance is light, slightly sour after smelling. Additional, the time that sea yellow sends out fragrance is longer, play the hand chain after a week still can smell fragrance, and more yellow can smell less than what fragrance.

【grimace】 :

People attribute sea yellow to having a "grimace". In fact, the so-called "grimace" is the growth of the tree nodules, bumps. Sea yellow due to long growth period, poor growth environment, and more branches, tree texture is twisted, staggered irregular, so "ghost face" "ghost eye" and other patterns more, more abundant. Relatively speaking, the more yellow the texture is mostly more loose, so the more yellow the grimace pattern is monotonous.

【Medicinal】 :

【qi analgesia】 : drop fragrance, can be dissipated can line, can remove blood stasis, qi, analgesia, can be used to treat abdominal pain, liver depression and hypochondriac pain, chest pain and stinging loss and bruising pain.

【hemostasis】 : Jiangxiang Xin San is warm and can remove stasis and hemostasis. It is suitable for stasis hemorrhagic syndrome, especially for internal and external hemorrhagic syndrome caused by fall and injury. It is commonly used in surgery. If the treatment of bleeding knife wounds, only use this product grind the end of external application.

【stop vomiting】 : depress the fragrance and spicy warm fragrance, the main sexual settlement, can reduce the gas to obscenity, and stop vomiting, used for obscenity internal resistance, vomiting abdominal pain with spleen and stomach discord.

【Treatment of coronary heart disease】 : Dendroma has the effect of improving microcirculation, significantly increasing coronary artery flow, slowing heart rate, and can reduce plasma viscosity, reduce blood lipids, reduce platelet aggregation, anticoagulation. These effects have a comprehensive therapeutic effect on prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease and cerebral infarction.